/usr/bin/tee How to Read From Input File and Output to Output File
Feb 17, 2022
Edward S.
3min Read
Linux Tee Command with Examples
The Linux tee control reads standard input and writes it to both standard output and one or more than files. In normal output redirection, the lines of the command volition be written to a file, but we cannot meet the output at the same time. Using the tee command we can achieve this! That's why in this tutorial, we'll show you all the Linux tee command basics to get you started!
This Linux command is commonly used in trounce scripts for showing the progress of a procedure while outputting the same entries to log files. Ameliorate your VPS skills with this valuable skill!
Linux Tee Command Syntax and Uses
Be you kickoff using the Linux Tee control, you should access your VPS using SSH. If you're having trouble, check out our PuTTY tutorial.
The basic syntax for the command is:
wc -50 file1.txt | tee file2.txt
The in a higher place control volition check the line count of file1.txt and output the result in the terminal and salve it in file2.txt.
Sending the Linux Tee Command Output to Other Commands
While using the Linux tee command we become an output in the final, which we tin pipe to another control for processing. The following command volition list the files inside the binder and using the first pipe will write the output to the file exam.txt and pass the output to the 3rd command – grep to identify the files with the string py in them:
ls | tee test.txt | grep 'py'
Other Linux Tee Command Operations
If you desire to learn more cool Linux tee command features, you lot should know how to open its manual! This will make the employ of correct syntax much easier!
Most users tend to copy and paste the commands into the final, but nosotros urge you to take the time to type them, and then you can really get the hang of them, and understand the Linux tee, and other command syntax improve.
To bring up the documentation you can use:
tee --help
Every command comes with version information. It can be checked using:
tee --version
By default, the tee command will overwrite the file with the output of the initial command. Which can be overridden by using an suspend choice using -a switch.
ls | tee –a file.txt
With the Linux tee command, we can likewise save the output of a control to multiple files. The employ of this option is for processing the output of the command multiple times in a shell script:
ls | tee file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt
Like with standard commands appending with >, the errors and stdout are handled differently in tee likewise. Regular | pipes will save only the standard output to the file, and if we need both standard output and the mistake output, nosotros demand to utilize |& with the Linux tee control.
Normal standard output copy:
| command > file.txt | The regular manner of redirecting the standard output |
| command | tee file.txt | Using tee with overwriting |
| command | tee -a file.txt | Using tee with appending |
Both standard output and mistake streams:
| control &> file.txt | The regular style of redirecting the standard output and error |
| control |& tee file.txt | Using tee with overwriting |
| control |& tee -a file.txt | Using tee with appending |
Writing files using elevated privileges in the vim editor is another advantage of the tee command. In a highly secured environment, normal Linux operations are carried out using nonprivileged users. To perform authoritative tasks with admin privileges we utilise the sudo command.
Sometimes we need to edit the files which need admin privileges.
Abandoning changes and reopening a file using necessary privileges using sudo is ane of the options. If we are using the tee command, nosotros can avoid this situation by writing the file in the initial stage itself without abandoning the changes by using the elevated privilege selection. When writing in the vim editor, the syntax would be as follows:
:w !sudo tee %
Decision
The Linux tee command is a handy utility for installing scripts and is unfortunately rarely known by the organization admins. Once y'all understand the usage of this control, you volition surely use it instead of output redirection using >. Good luck with improving your project! See you in the adjacent tutorial.
Edward is a Content Editor with years of experience in It as a writer, marketer, and Linux enthusiast. Edward's goal is to encourage readers to establish an impactful online presence. He also really loves dogs, guitars, and everything related to space.
Source: https://www.hostinger.com/tutorials/linux-tee-command-with-examples/
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